A review of American Nations by comparison with Albion’s Seed
2017-08-07
In a class my friend took in college, he had to think of five labels to describe himself. When my friend gave his labels, his professor asked why he didn’t include “American” as one of them. Intrigued by this exercise, I too, found that “American” was not really a way in which I thought of myself (though my views have evolved on this topic since I started working with many colleagues not from the U.S.). I thought about it off and on for a few years, trying to understand why it didn’t feel right.
Albion’s Seed, historian David Hackett Fischer’s 1989 treatise on four Anglo migrations to the New World in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which he asserts determined much of American culture over the next several centuries, gave me an answer. Fischer identifies four “folkways”, patterns of culture associated with specific populations that settled in the present day U.S.: those of the Puritans settling in Massachusetts, Cavaliers in the Tidewater region, Quakers settling in the Delaware Valley, and Borderlanders settling in the Appalachian backcountry. Many of the attributes being “American” connotes to me: love of guns, hate of government, strong suspicion of elites and academics, originated from the Borderlanders, who emigrated via Ireland from the violent border between England and Scotland to the New World.
On the other hand, Puritan folkways: high regard for education, “improving the time” through hard work, even institutions of local administration: town meetings and selectmen, resonated much more strongly with me (my hometown is mentioned in a footnote).
America has never been a homogenous culture, Albion’s Seed shows, rather, an uneasy compromise between several. Despite Albion’s Seed’s extremely thorough treatment of early Anglo-American cultures, Fischer treads lightly on the several centuries since, though his final hundred pages do include a case study of the presidency through the lens of his four folkways.
Anxious for more, I turned to a newer book. Colin Woodard’s American Nations, published in 2011, incorporates seven new ethnoregional nations—Woodard’s equivalent of Fischer’s folkways—with the original four rebranded respectively as “Yankee”, “Tidewater”, “Midlands”, and “Greater Appalachia”. American Nations focuses more on the evolution of the cultures and updates Albion’s Seed for the twenty-first century.
Or it attempts to. While both Albion’s Seed and American Nations discuss ethnoregional cultures in North America, the similarities end there. American Nations is not at all like Albion’s Seed: not in style, not in substance, and not in attitude. Fischer’s work is intellectually stimulating and fun to read, due to his thorough research and incisive prose. Woodard’s work could not be farther from this; it is intellectually dishonest and upsetting to read: polemic demagoguery in a cultural history’s clothing.